Blockchain and Cybersecurity: A New Paradigm for Securing Industrial and Engineering Systems.

Abstract

The rapid integration of digital technologies in industrial and engineering systems has significantly increased efficiency, connectivity, and automation. However, this growing interconnectivity has also expanded the attack surface, exposing these systems to sophisticated cyber threats. Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative paradigm for enhancing cybersecurity by offering decentralization, immutability, and transparency. This paper explores the intersection of blockchain and cybersecurity, focusing on their combined potential to revolutionize the protection of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), Internet of Things (IoT) networks, and engineering infrastructures. The study examines the underlying principles of blockchain—such as distributed ledger technology, consensus mechanisms, and cryptographic security—and evaluates how these can mitigate risks related to data tampering, unauthorized access, and system failures. Furthermore, it investigates blockchain’s role in establishing trustless environments, enabling secure data sharing, and supporting regulatory compliance within industrial operations. Using a qualitative and analytical research approach, this paper analyzes current frameworks, existing challenges, and practical applications of blockchain-based cybersecurity across manufacturing, energy, and engineering domains. Results suggest that blockchain enhances resilience against cyberattacks, enables efficient identity management, and supports transparent auditing mechanisms. The paper concludes by outlining future directions, emphasizing the need for lightweight blockchain models, integration with AI-driven threat detection, and scalable consensus protocols tailored to industrial environments.